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Differences Between Traditional Animation and 2D Animation
Traditional animation and 2D animation are often used interchangeably, but they are not exactly the same. Traditional animation is a broader term that refers to any animation technique that involves drawing each frame by hand, using physical or analog materials such as paper, cel, or clay. 2D animation is a subset of traditional animation that uses two-dimensional drawings or images to create the illusion of movement. 2D animation can be done using traditional methods, such as cel animation or flipbook animation, or using digital tools, such as computer software or tablets. Some of the differences between traditional animation and 2D animation are: - Traditional animation is more labor-intensive and time-consuming than 2D animation, as it requires more drawings and materials to produce a single frame. 2D animation can be faster and easier, especially with the help of digital tools that can automate some processes and allow for more editing and manipulation of the images¹. - Traditional animation is more expensive and requires more storage space than 2D animation, as it involves physical media that can be damaged, lost, or degraded over time. 2D animation can be cheaper and more compact, as it can be stored and transferred digitally, and can be easily duplicated or backed up¹. - Traditional animation has a more organic and artistic feel than 2D animation, as it reflects the individual style and skill of the animator. Traditional animation can also capture more subtle and realistic movements and expressions, as it is based on the observation and imitation of real life. 2D animation can be more stylized and abstract than traditional animation, as it can use more colors, shapes, and effects that are not possible or practical in reality. 2D animation can also create more exaggerated and cartoonish movements and expressions, as it is based on the principles and conventions of animation²³. - Traditional animation and 2D animation have different advantages and disadvantages depending on the purpose and audience of the animation. Traditional animation can be more appealing and nostalgic for some viewers, as it can evoke a sense of history and authenticity. Traditional animation can also be more suitable for certain genres and stories, such as fantasy, horror, or drama, as it can create a more immersive and emotional atmosphere. 2D animation can be more accessible and popular for some viewers, as it can adapt to the changing trends and preferences of the market. 2D animation can also be more appropriate for certain genres and stories, such as comedy, action, or sci-fi, as it can create a more dynamic and humorous mood⁴⁵. Source: Conversation with Bing, 11/8/2023 (1) Traditional Vs. Digital Animator - What’s The Best Medium?. https://businessofanimation.com/traditional-animator-vs-digital-animator/. (2) Traditional animation - Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_animation. (3) What is the difference between traditional animation and digital animation. https://www.uiltexas.org/files/academics/theatre/Description_of_Film_Categories.pdf. (4) What Are Differences Between 2D And 3D Animation - Wondershare Filmora. https://filmora.wondershare.com/animation-tips/differences-between-2d-and-3d-animation.html. (5) The Difference Between 2D and 3D animation? | BuzzFlick. https://buzzflick.com/difference-between-2d-animation-and-3d-animation/.
History of 3D Animation
3D animation is a fascinating and evolving art form that has been around for more than a century. It involves creating and manipulating three-dimensional models and images using computers or other devices. Here are some of the highlights of the history of 3D animation: - The earliest form of 3D animation was clay animation or claymation, which used clay models of objects and characters that were moved and photographed frame by frame. One of the first claymation films was The Sculptor's Welsh Rarebit Dream, made by Edison Manufacturing in 1908¹. Some of the most famous claymation works are the Wallace and Gromit and Shaun the Sheep series by Aardman Animations². - The first computer-generated 3D graphics were created by William Fetter, an employee of Boeing, in the early 1960s. He made a virtual skeleton of a human pilot, known as the Boeing Man or Boeman, to test the ergonomics of aircraft cockpits³⁴. He also coined the term computer graphics⁵. - The first feature-length film to use computer-generated 3D animation was Toy Story, released by Pixar in 1995. It was a huge success and revolutionized the animation industry. It was followed by many other popular films such as Shrek, Finding Nemo, The Incredibles, Avatar, Frozen, and more⁵. - The first 3D animated character to win an Oscar was Gollum, from The Lord of the Rings trilogy, played by Andy Serkis. He used motion capture technology to perform the movements and expressions of the creature, which were then translated into 3D animation by Weta Digital⁵. - The first 3D animated TV show was ReBoot, which aired from 1994 to 2001. It was produced by Mainframe Entertainment and was set in a computer world where the characters were programs and viruses. It was followed by other shows such as Beast Wars, Jimmy Neutron, and Clone Wars⁵. 3D animation has come a long way since its humble beginnings and has become a powerful and versatile tool for storytelling, entertainment, education, and more. It is constantly evolving and improving with new technologies and techniques, such as virtual reality, augmented reality, artificial intelligence, and more. Who knows what the future of 3D animation will bring? Source: Conversation with Bing, 11/8/2023 (1) 3D Animation: A Brief History and a Look to the Future. https://www.skillshare.com/en/blog/3d-animation-a-brief-history-and-a-look-to-the-future/. (2) The History of 3D Animation | Animation Explainers. https://animationexplainers.com/the-history-of-3d-animation/. (3) The History of 3D Animation: A Deep Dive - InFocus Film School. https://infocusfilmschool.com/history-of-3d-animation/. (4) 3D Animation Timeline | Our Blog | The Animation Guys. https://www.theanimationguys.com/3d-animation-timeline/. (5) The history of 3D modeling and animation - InspirationTuts. https://inspirationtuts.com/the-history-of-3d-modeling-and-animation/.
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Fundamental Principles of Traditional Animation Techniques
The 11 fundamental principles of traditional animation are: - Squash and Stretch: This principle is used to give a sense of weight and flexibility to objects or characters by distorting their shape when they move or interact with other forces. For example, a bouncing ball will flatten when it hits the ground and elongate when it bounces up¹. - Anticipation: This principle is used to prepare the audience for an upcoming action by showing a small movement or gesture that precedes it. For example, a character who is about to jump will bend their knees and lower their body before leaping¹. - Staging: This principle is used to direct the attention of the audience to the most important element or action in a scene by using camera angles, lighting, composition, and movement. For example, a character who is angry will be shown in a close-up shot with a dark background and a strong pose¹. - Straight Ahead Action and Pose to Pose: These are two different methods of creating animation. Straight ahead action involves drawing each frame one after another from start to finish, which results in a more spontaneous and fluid animation. Pose to pose involves drawing the key poses of the action first and then filling in the in-between frames later, which results in a more controlled and precise animation¹. - Follow Through and Overlapping Action: These principles are used to show the effects of inertia and drag on the movement of objects or characters. Follow through means that parts of the body or object will continue to move after the main action has stopped. Overlapping action means that parts of the body or object will move at different rates and times. For example, a character who stops running will have their arms and legs continue to swing for a while, and their hair and clothes will lag behind their body¹. - Slow In and Slow Out: This principle is used to show the acceleration and deceleration of an action by adding more frames at the beginning and end of the movement and fewer frames in the middle. This creates a more natural and realistic motion. For example, a car that starts or stops will have a gradual change in speed, not a sudden one¹. - Arc: This principle is used to show the natural path of movement of objects or characters by making them follow a curved trajectory rather than a straight one. This creates a more smooth and graceful motion. For example, a ball that is thrown or a bird that flies will follow an arc-shaped path¹. - Secondary Action: This principle is used to add more detail and interest to the main action by showing a secondary or subordinate action that supports it. For example, a character who is walking will have their head turn or their eyes blink as a secondary action¹. - Timing: This principle is used to control the speed and rhythm of the animation by adjusting the number of frames per second and the spacing between the frames. Timing affects the mood and emotion of the animation, as well as the physical laws of the movement. For example, a fast and snappy timing will create a more energetic and comedic animation, while a slow and smooth timing will create a more dramatic and realistic animation¹. - Exaggeration: This principle is used to enhance the effect and appeal of the animation by exaggerating the features, expressions, actions, or poses of the objects or characters. Exaggeration can be used to create a more humorous, dynamic, or expressive animation. For example, a character who is surprised will have their eyes widen and their mouth open more than in real life¹. - Solid Drawing: This principle is used to create a sense of depth and volume in the animation by applying the principles of perspective, anatomy, proportion, and shading to the objects or characters. Solid drawing helps to make the animation more believable and consistent. For example, a character who is facing the camera will have their head and body in proper alignment and their features in correct proportion¹. Source: Conversation with Bing, 11/8/2023 (1) 12 Principles of Animation | Basic Animation Principles | Adobe. https://www.adobe.com/creativecloud/animation/discover/principles-of-animation.html. (2) 12 Principles of Animation Explained! [With Examples]. https://www.animaker.com/hub/12-principles-of-animation/. (3) What Are the 12 Principles of Animation? | Pluralsight. https://www.pluralsight.com/blog/film-games/understanding-12-principles-animation. (4) The 12 Principles of Animation | Lesley University. https://lesley.edu/article/the-12-principles-of-animation. (5) Traditional Principles of Animation - Wikibooks, open books for an open .... https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Traditional_Principles_of_Animation.
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